SSIS treates Stored Procedures no different than any other query. It even lets you parametrize simple SQL queries.

You can use the "Execute SQL Task" to execute it as a part of the workflow.
Or the "OLE DB Command" transformation to execute it as a part of the data flow.

And yes, you can execute SP's and queries on any kind of RDBMS from SSIS as long as you have ODBC connectivity to it.